Yan Heping: Analysis of "strategic emerging industries"

[Introduction] The following are the speeches of Mr. Qi Heping, Deputy Director of the General Office of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Director of the Research Office at the 7th China Electric Industry Development Summit Forum and the 11th China Electric Industry Top 100 Research Conference.

Dear leaders, friends of the machinery and electrical industry are very honored to participate in today’s summit forum. According to the arrangements of the meeting, I talked about the development of a strategic new industry. Let me talk about it because they think that I will be dealing with these topics in the Ministry of Science and Technology. Actually, we have better understanding of this situation than I do, but in 2009, almost two years from now, nurturing and developing new industries has always been a key topic for our Ministry of Science and Technology. . As we are three years after the 11th Five-Year Plan, we have been studying this issue since 2008. The 12th Five-Year Plan is also the main line of the entire scientific and technological work, so I will make a report on what I understand in this area and my own feelings.

The cultivation of new industries began in 2008. There is a background here. The international financial crisis that has continued since 2008 has caused a very big impact on the entire world. Not only the developed countries but also the developing countries are thinking about it. A major issue, what exactly happens in the contemporary world? This is a big issue that we have always wanted. After one to two years of scrutiny, especially the science and technology department, from our perspective, everyone feels that with the accelerated development of modern science and technology, all aspects may have given birth to some major breakthroughs that will directly lead to global industrial transformation. In particular, the financial crisis has greatly accelerated this pace. Therefore, we sometimes call it the global transition into a global industrial transition dominated by new technologies after the financial crisis.

Everyone feels very strong. For example, information technology is now being upgraded. It is constantly developing towards broadband and intelligent high-information technology, and biotechnology continues to infiltrate resources, the environment, the health of the population, and the entire manufacturing industry. The manufacturing industry itself is accelerating green, intelligent, and advanced manufacturing. New energy continues to develop in the direction of low cost, renewable, and low carbon. Material technology and nanotechnology have also developed rapidly, showing excellent room for development. Everyone thinks that the technologies in various fields are constantly maturing, and the cost has been drastically reduced. This has made us have much better conditions for using modern high-tech to develop traditional industries. This kind of acquisition is different from five years ago and ten years ago.

We are talking about industrialization driving informationization, and informationization has touched industrialization. We are talking about industrial informatization and talked about it for so many years, but the real application of large-scale information technology is in recent years. The formation of a high-speed broadband has given us the means of information. The information highway is greatly expanded. The information superhighway was put forward a long time ago, but the bandwidth is very narrow, and nothing can run. In recent years, great changes have taken place. Broadband, intelligent networks, and network transactions have rapidly matured, and technologies have broken through, such as electronic signature technology and online sales technology. This kind of technology has made our online logistics and shopping possible. The flow of information has greatly increased, which has brought breakthrough development to our entire manufacturing industry. In the past, informatization, a bit of control, and personnel management were all very simple. Now it is different. This is just information, coupled with the application of materials, new energy applications, let us feel that the changes are very large.

In another, we are also rethinking. The financial crisis began in the United States. What problems did the United States have in the end? At the beginning, the contradiction was focused on the issue of credit, and the subprime mortgage triggered the financial crisis. This logic is clear. However, the underlying problem is the issue of economic structure and structural upgrading. The United States has always been engaged in the information highway, information industry, and new issues. The technology industry has led the development of the U.S. economy and the development of the world economy. Then it suddenly discovered that its real economy was declining. After an imbalance in development, it could not drive the entire U.S. economy to continue to grow. In terms of popularity, many people would not be able to provide jobs for all working classes. Positions, it is impossible for Americans to engage in software, both high-end, low-end and mid-range industries who do? Therefore, after Barack Obama came to power, he must reflect on the industrial transformation and propose the concept of re-industrialization and remanufacturing. The industrialization and manufacturing of the United States and our China are advancing the same thing from different perspectives. What kind of thing is it? The entire manufacturing upgrade.

Therefore, we say that with such a large background, the entire global technological transformation will lead to industrial transformation. Not only do countries like us have to undergo industrial transformation, change the mode of development, and adjust the economic structure. Countries like the United States must also undergo industrial transformation. The use of information technology to transform and upgrade traditional industries has become a concern for everyone. Therefore, under this background, Obama came up with new energy issues, medical problems, all of which came out. In the past two years, we have all observed that after the financial crisis, all countries have been deploying in a centralized manner. This incident is very shocking to us. The whole world is aiming at these things, new energy, new materials, and biomedical medicine. High-end manufacturing, in general, is moving toward high-end deployment in these directions. This matter must cause a high degree of concern. Actually, we sometimes think about this matter. Since our modern times, there has been a phenomenon worthy of our attention in the development of the world. In the past, each song was sung by one person. Since two or three hundred years ago, a busy country has been busy with another country. In the first time, when we first used power technology, we were the prosperity of Kangxi and the second industrial revolution. When we were on the railway, we were a war between warlords. At the time of the third industrial revolution, we were also a cultural revolution and ten years of unrest. When we look back at the developed countries, we have created a situation in which there is a lack of new technologies. This is what history has taught us. Now that the whole world is deploying this matter, we have to catch up with this, and we must also upgrade our industries and develop. Also change. This is the first thing I said.

In addition, we now have a variety of definitions for the industry. The State Council talks about the seven major types. Essentially, it is a new industry brought about by the new round of technology. It is the combination of these two things. It is a key industry that will determine the pattern of the entire world in the next two to three decades. We talk about new energy technologies, new material technologies, and network technologies. These technologies will form a powerful industrial system in the next decade and 20 years, and have a profound impact on the entire world landscape. The concept of new technologies we are talking about is very clear. It is the industrial technology that has been developing very rapidly over the past decade or two. We Chinese have high-tech, new technology, and high-tech. There are some subtle differences between these concepts. In fact, high-tech refers to the high-tech sector in the entire sector of the national economy, which is called the high-tech sector. But which technology is higher and which technology is lower is not as clear as if it was made cheaper? This is not the case. Nanotechnology is very high. Therefore, we generally refer to high technology and actually refer to the high technology that has developed over the past decade or two.

Well, to develop emerging industries, from our own perspective, the Fifth Plenary Session has already been set, and China cannot proceed from the traditional approach. What I particularly want to emphasize is that we develop new industries. China has basic, conditional, and basic conditions. In two aspects, one is the industrial foundation. Today is the owner of the electrical industry and the manufacturing industry. We understand our industry very well. In fact, after 30 years of reform and opening up, our other industries have developed their capabilities and capabilities. Gathered good experience. What I particularly want to say is that we have technology. What does this mean? Supporting the development of the entire industry, all industries are like this. On the whole, we have to admit that the level of the technology industry is not high and the capability is not strong, but I hope everyone’s attention is that, in fact, the great success we have achieved in these two or three decades, looking back in five years and ten years, is totally not today’s. The situation, the continuous enhancement of technical capabilities, and the continuous improvement of technical support capabilities, and the continuous improvement of the industrial chain supporting technological development are worth our due attention. Why do you emphasize this issue? This thing is only a few countries, and we have it. We now look at the materials industry, the processing technology industry, and all of them have largely been. It is not the same as in previous years. When something new appears in the market, especially when something new appears in the markets of the developed countries, the Chinese market will soon appear. Now the Americans are really depressed. Ipad hasn’t got two months. China has come out. In fact, our technical reserves are sufficient, but key technologies need to be introduced and key materials must be supported. We emphasize innovation capabilities, but integration capabilities and application capabilities are equally important.

Therefore, recently we have concluded a new round of technological changes and we have the greatest feelings. At present, there are many breakthroughs in all aspects of new technologies, and breakthroughs in technical principles and paths are not enough, but the degree of technological maturity is very fast and industrial innovation is very fast. We say Iphone this product, you say it has something new? When we call the mobile phone, we know that we all know the mobile Internet, but suddenly a mobile phone can have 100,000 software support. This is a re-definition of the mobile phone, including the Ipad came out, I read an article, said that the Internet The concept has disappeared. Since a boot is on the Internet, it is tantamount to redefining the computer. This new product has emerged. This is a matter worthy of our attention. We will face a long period of product upgrade process, which is an intelligent process. The last time I went to Wanhe and did a water heater, he told me how much technology he had integrated, and the level was very high. It was possible to remotely control anything. In the event that major principles and paths do not change, due to application changes in product performance, it makes us believe that the upgrade based on intelligence will bring new industry development.

We have also seen a lot of new products recently. These products are very exciting to us. We went to Haier to see that Haier made a silent TV, the power cord was gone, and the wireless transmission of electricity was realized. In fact, the wireless transmission of electricity has always been, But it really frightens you on the TV. This is the technology of MIT, Haier. Another example is the laser display, the first generation of black and white, the second generation of color, the third generation of flat, the fourth generation is the laser, two months ago I went to Shanghai for research, he gave me a mobile phone so big laser projector, 20 meters , No net can vote 82-inch color TV, this technology matures in 35 years, a serious impact on flat panel displays, watch TV do not monitor, these things are revolutionary changes. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the revolutionary changes in the shape of those products, which will have an important significance for our industry. This is the second aspect I talked about.

Thirdly, I would like to conclude by saying that the development of strategic emerging industries is a new thing. This is not the same as our traditional industries, especially the traditional manufacturing industry. What is the fundamental difference? In fact, our industry used to have fixed restrictions in the past. Manufacturing was manufacturing, sales was sales, and research and development were R&D. This is what we used to know. The most fundamental changes in strategic emerging industries are the research and development of technology and the application of technology. This chain relationship of industrialization has changed, and new formats have emerged. This is the most worthy of our attention. It is very difficult to develop new industries with traditional manufacturing methods. Therefore, we propose a proposition to grasp the technological innovation of strategic emerging industries and The scale of industrialization is a very important issue before us.

A more realistic example is that in October last year, the relevant departments held a meeting to study the overcapacity, listed a pile of steel and cement, and finally listed two, wind power and solar energy. Everyone would not be able to accept it. They have been thinking about this. Problems, wind power, solar energy are the main direction of our power generation, and the development momentum is very good. Just a few years have passed. How do we have excess capacity? The final result is this. In fact, we need to understand the law of the development of new industries. This is not the same as the traditional overcapacity. We all know that the development of new energy, especially solar energy and wind energy, is basically no large-scale investment in the country. There is no large-scale investment in state-owned enterprises. Only private enterprises have done it. Until now, state-owned enterprises have invested in it. A few years ago, it was done by the people. We had a lecture at that time. The main production capacity of solar silicon crystal silicon accounted for 31% of the world's total, but 95% to 98% of them were exported. It was a good day, the financial crisis came, and new energy sources. It is relying on subsidies to promote in European and American countries. As a result, foreigners did not buy the financial crisis and the result was excess capacity. In fact, in emerging industries, there are some ups and downs in production capacity and market demand. It is problematic to call this problem excess production capacity. Some people say that you have imported a bunch of companies with similar levels. This is also an industry surplus. I think it is not right, because you are facing an industry upgrade. Many problems require a development perspective. If you look at the growth of new things, it is not right. This result.

Now that we have grasped the law of the development of new industries, we should grasp a few? First, strategic emerging industries must have original technical support and long-term technological accumulation.

Second, strategic emerging industries, we are talking about nurturing and developing strategies. Emerging industries are cultivating. There are no new industries, no equipment, and technologies are still in the process of R&D. Some have already been formed and some have been developed. The product is in its infancy, its direction is very clear, and it is not mature. Do you want to introduce it? No, so nurturing is very important. Therefore, with many technical achievements or the initial sample state, the solution to the problem of technology landing becomes a very important issue. Our investors may be looking to the technology to do it, not the molding production line, and the entire span of your investment has moved forward.

The third one is to grasp the pace of development and the configuration of the links. We talked about the failure of strategic emerging industries to slow down and slow down opportunities. If we can't do it quickly, unilateral surprises may fail. We had these incidents last year. Basically, the production capacity was there. The demand did not keep up, and the use did not keep pace. There were no effective measures in China to protect or promote the use of solar energy and wind power equipment. Of course, we have now done a lot of work in R&D. We are doing smart grid construction. What happened last year was that there was a deviation in the link and it was not correct.

Fourth, we must attach great importance to business model innovation. The business model has been under discussion in the past two to three years in the country. In fact, we think carefully. This concept is particularly important in the development of strategic emerging industries. We cannot introduce large-scale production lines as in the past, and then we can produce, sell, and sell new products. This matter is difficult to work. Let's say we have come across a very typical example. Electric vehicles and electric vehicles have emerged with great technology. A relatively complete technical system has been established, but there is a problem. The battery is expensive, and the battery basically occupies the cost of the electric vehicle. One of the proportions, how to engage in this thing? How to do the battery replacement? How to engage in charging system? These are things that we have not met. Therefore, if someone encounters this problem, he thinks that if a charging station is built like a gas station, it cannot be achieved without a decade or two. Then we must actively explore. Through the city bus to establish a fixed circuit on the charging equipment and systems, with the municipal joint to engage in, and then one has proposed exploration, can not try battery rental system. This puts the problems of production and use, the problems of the public transport service sector, including the problem of charging, and integrates these into a new form, where each earns money and finally sells electric cars.

Another example is public lighting. This is a business model. It is not a traditional light-making lamp. Bio-pharmaceuticals are also like this. In the past, we were looking for raw materials to sell drugs. Now we start with health and start with community and public health services. Inverted medical services. So there is a very important idea. When you engage in new industries, the business model becomes very important. In the same business, some people make money. For individuals, they do not make money. The fault lies in the business model. There is a very core and awful thing in the business model is the profit model. Where we can make money is worth our thinking. Sometimes when the angle changes, we may find new development ideas.

I participated in a seminar before. Shanda analyzed it for me. They have a successful example. They have a trick to play games that don’t use money. Then the game is money, but the props in the game are money. He earned big money. So now the popular word in the internet industry is that the game of making money is free.

Lastly, the key to the development of strategic emerging industries is the leader. We recently pondered a question and thought about China's entire industrial development. We have discovered that China has not led the world industrial revolution since the modern times. It is all done by people. Why did you ask this topic this time? We can develop strategic emerging industries, new energy, next-generation networks, space, marine economy, and everyone can do it. And we are almost the same starting line. We can be leaders when we run forward. If you are a leader, do you have any? Experience, experience? Those who have mixed with the world’s first team have experience. These people are talented people. Therefore, we must pay attention to identifying those who work in the world’s top teams, understand the trends in the world’s technology, trends in contemporary industrial structures, and the basics of new industry operations. Such leading talents with regularity and some conventions are more important for us to develop new industries. I think many entrepreneurs are here. You have to have R&D talents in the future, management talents, management talents, but industry leaders should be one of our special concerns. Thank you.